Visits with Mom. Prince Andrew has reportedly been making secret night-time trips to see his elderly mother Queen Elizabeth II to avoid altercations with paparazzi. The embattled royal — who was recently stripped of all royal titles, military honors and patronages amid his shocking involvement in a sexual assault case lodged against him by Jeffrey Epstein victim Virginia Giuffre — is said to have visited Windsor Castle every night last week to talk with his ailing mother. PRINCE CHARLES WILL HAVE ‘LESS SYMPATHY’ FOR PRINCE ANDREW WHEN HE’S KING AFTER THE DUKE OF YORK REACHES ‘SETTLEMENT IN PRI…